{"id":111,"date":"2024-09-13T16:46:11","date_gmt":"2024-09-13T16:46:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/live-optics-wp.pantheonsite.io\/xzhu\/?page_id=111"},"modified":"2025-03-26T05:43:09","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T05:43:09","slug":"research","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/","title":{"rendered":"Research"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p><strong>Recent projects:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Single-frequency fiber lasers<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Direct-transition visible fiber lasers<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Fiber Bragg grating writing<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>3-um fiber lasers<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>High-repetition-rate mode-locked fiber lasers<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Kilo-watt laser evaluation system<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>10-um fiber-based laser system<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Scintillating glass<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Optical refrigeration in novel glass and fibers<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Facilities and Capabilities:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<div id=\"attachment_250\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-250\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-250\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture1-300x215.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"215\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture1-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture1-1024x733.png 1024w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture1-768x550.png 768w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture1.png 1196w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-250\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">(1) Glass Fabrication<\/p><\/div>\r\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 33%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-111 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/picture9-4\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture9-3-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-302\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture9-3-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture9-3-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture9-3-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-302'>\n\t\t\t\t(2) Monochromator \n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/picture8-3\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture8-2-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-297\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture8-2-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture8-2-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture8-2-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-297'>\n\t\t\t\t(2) Lifetime measurement\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/picture7-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture7-1-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture7-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture7-1-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture7-1-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-286'>\n\t\t\t\t(2) Cary 5000 Spectrometer\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\r\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 20%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-111 gallery-columns-5 gallery-size-thumbnail'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/picture2-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture2-1-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture2-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture2-1-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture2-1-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/picture3-6\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture3-2-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture3-2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture3-2-90x90.jpg 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture3-2-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/picture4-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture4-1-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture4-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture4-1-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture4-1-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-305'>\n\t\t\t\t(3) Different fiber designs\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/picture5-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture5-1-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture5-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture5-1-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture5-1-75x75.png 75w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture5-1.png 165w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/picture6-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture6-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture6-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture6-1-90x90.jpg 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture6-1-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\r\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 20%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-3' class='gallery galleryid-111 gallery-columns-5 gallery-size-medium'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/picture10-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture10-1-300x300.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-3-299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture10-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture10-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture10-1-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture10-1-75x75.png 75w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture10-1.png 333w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-3-299'>\n\t\t\t\t(4) CO2 laser splicer\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/phosphate-silica-splice\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"158\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Phosphate-silica-splice-300x158.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-3-266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Phosphate-silica-splice-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Phosphate-silica-splice-1024x540.png 1024w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Phosphate-silica-splice-768x405.png 768w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Phosphate-silica-splice.png 1032w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-3-266'>\n\t\t\t\tPhosphate-Silica fiber splice\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/picture12\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"127\" height=\"106\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture12.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/picture13-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture13-1-300x214.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-3-262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture13-1-300x214.png 300w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture13-1.png 488w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-3-262'>\n\t\t\t\t(4) Direct inscription of Fiber Bragg Grating in optical fibers\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/?attachment_id=152'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"184\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/FBG-300x184.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/FBG-300x184.png 300w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/FBG-1024x629.png 1024w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/FBG-768x472.png 768w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/FBG-1536x944.png 1536w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/FBG-2048x1259.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\r\n<div id=\"attachment_263\" style=\"width: 272px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-263\" class=\"wp-image-263 \" style=\"font-weight: bold;text-align: center;font-size: 0.95em\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture14-300x164.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"262\" height=\"143\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture14-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Picture14.png 574w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 262px) 100vw, 262px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-263\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">(5) 2KW-IPG fiber lasers<\/p><\/div>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800000\">We have extended facilities to fabricate glass (1), Characterize it (2), Passive and Active Optical fiber designs (3), and many devices that help build our fiber lasers (4). We also have the capability of testing and evaluating optical components that can be used for high-energy applications (5).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-4 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-4 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 50%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-4 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-4 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-4' class='gallery galleryid-111 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-full'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/tm-flouride-fiber-laser-4\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"634\" height=\"249\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Tm-Flouride-Fiber-Laser-3.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-4-325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Tm-Flouride-Fiber-Laser-3.png 634w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Tm-Flouride-Fiber-Laser-3-300x118.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 634px) 100vw, 634px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-4-325'>\n\t\t\t\tTm Fluoride Fiber Laser\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/tb-phophsate-fiber-laser-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"274\" height=\"154\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Tb-phophsate-fiber-laser-2.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/tb-phosphate-fiber-laser-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"608\" height=\"249\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Tb-Phosphate-fiber-laser-1-1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-4-324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Tb-Phosphate-fiber-laser-1-1.png 608w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Tb-Phosphate-fiber-laser-1-1-300x123.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 608px) 100vw, 608px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-4-324'>\n\t\t\t\tTb Phosphate Fiber Laser\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/tm-flouride-fiber-laser-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"270\" height=\"132\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/Tm-Flouride-Fiber-Laser-2.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800000\">We build fiber baser lasers in all spectral bands from UV to IR. In the picture above are examples of two visible fiber lasers with blue and green emissions.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800000\">Masoud Mollaee,et al, &#8220;Single-frequency blue laser fiber amplifier,&#8221; Opt. Lett. <b>43<\/b>, 423-426 (2018)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-5 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-5 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 50%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-5 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-5 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-5' class='gallery galleryid-111 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-thumbnail'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/a\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/a-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-5-332\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/a-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/a-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/a-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-5-332'>\n\t\t\t\tNear-Field\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/attachment\/3\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/3-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-5-331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/3-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/3-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/3-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-5-331'>\n\t\t\t\tSimulation\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/b\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/b-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-5-333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/b-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/b-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/b-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-5-333'>\n\t\t\t\tFree-running\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/research\/d\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/d-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-5-334\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/d-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/d-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/d-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-5-334'>\n\t\t\t\tInjection Locked\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800000\">Multicore fiber lasers and hollow core gas filled fiber lasers were built for many applications, such as: quantum computing, Ultra-short pulse amplification and Raman lasers applications.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800000\">Li, et al, \u201cInjection-locked highly Yb<sup>3+<\/sup>-doped uncoupled-61-core phosphate fiber laser,\u201d Opt. Lett. 48, 590 (2023).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-329 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2025\/03\/DyEr-codoped-flouride-fiber-lasers-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"407\" height=\"263\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000\">Emission beyond 3um was obtained via Dy<sup>3+<\/sup>\/Er<sup>3+<\/sup> co-doped ZBLAN fiber laser.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000\">Wang, et al, \u201cBeyond 3 mm Dy3+\/Er3+ co-doped ZBLAN fiber lasers pumped by 976 nm laser diode,\u201d Appl. Phys. Lett. 118, 151101 (2021).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"161\" class=\"wp-image-147 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/Screen-Shot-2024-09-15-at-22.44.46-1024x161.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/Screen-Shot-2024-09-15-at-22.44.46-1024x161.png 1024w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/Screen-Shot-2024-09-15-at-22.44.46-300x47.png 300w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/Screen-Shot-2024-09-15-at-22.44.46-768x121.png 768w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/Screen-Shot-2024-09-15-at-22.44.46-1536x242.png 1536w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/09\/Screen-Shot-2024-09-15-at-22.44.46.png 1992w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800000\">Scintillating glass sample under UV excitation.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"627\" height=\"215\" class=\"wp-image-188 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/11\/image.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/11\/image.png 627w, https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/124\/2024\/11\/image-300x103.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 627px) 100vw, 627px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #800000\">From left to right: optical glass, Infrared transmitting glass, Er Magneto-optical glass, Dy Magneto-optical glass, heavy metal oxide glass, heavy metal oxide glass extended IR transmission.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u00a0<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Recent projects: Scintillating glass sample under UV excitation. &nbsp; &nbsp; From left to right: optical glass, Infrared transmitting glass, Er Magneto-optical glass, Dy Magneto-optical glass, heavy metal oxide glass, heavy metal oxide glass extended IR transmission. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":682,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-111","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/111","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/682"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=111"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/111\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":337,"href":"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/111\/revisions\/337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.optics.arizona.edu\/xzhu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}